Obesity and Chronic Leptin Resistance Foster Insulin Resistance: An Analytical Perspective

Manuscript Number: LFS-D-19-02423

Title: Obesity and Chronic Leptin Resistance Foster Insulin Resistance:

An Analytical Perspective

Article Type: A review article

Keywords: Obesity; Insulin; Leptin; Insulin Resistance; Leptin Resistance

Corresponding Author: Dr. Biplab Giri, Ph.D.

Corresponding Author's Institution: University of Gour Banga

First Author: Sananda Dey, M.Sc.

Order of Authors: Sananda Dey, M.Sc.; Nensina Murmu, M.Sc.; Mayukh Bose,

M.Sc.; Shilpi Ghosh, Ph.D.; Biplab Giri, Ph.D.

Manuscript Region of Origin: INDIA

Abstract: Leptin is secreted from adipose tissue, maintains energy balance in our body, and regulates appetite via the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. It binds with its receptor (LepR) to kick-start multiple reaction cascades like JAK2-STAT3-SOCS3, IRS1-PI3K, and PKB-Akt. Insulin increases the uptake of fatty acids and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilization. Insulin's metabolic effects are mediated by a number of tissue-specific pathways some of which crosstalk leptin-mediated signaling. Studies showed that leptin resistance is instigated due to the excess release of leptin from adipocytes. It causes a lack of sensitivity towards leptin for which the body fails to attain satiety and results in more food intake which in turn induces more obesity and aggravates further leptin resistance. Emphasizing obesity, this review directs towards a possibility of chronic leptin resistance is responsible for insulin resistance. The above statement has been elicited by delineating the point of convergence between insulin and leptin signaling pathways.